Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq.

Family: Daphniphyllaceae
Japanese: ユズリハ (楪) [Yuzuriha]

The Japanese name refers to how the old leaves seem to step down and pass on thier position to the younger generation. Since the deer don't find them too tasty and the seedlings can stand a bit of shade, they are quite obvious growing in places such as the former observation platform around Jomon Sugi.

References:
新版　屋久島の植物 川原勝征,初島住彦(監修),2001：南方新社
米倉浩司・梶田忠 (2003-)　「BG Plants 和名－学名インデックス」（YList），http://ylist.info（ 2019年8月14日）