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Camellia japonica L. var. macrocarpa Masam.
Family: TheaceaeEnglish: Japanese camellia or simply camellia
Japanese: リンゴツバキ (林檎椿) [Ringo Tsubaki] or ヤクシマツバキ [Yakushima Tsubaki]
Although camellias are usually loved for their large, early-blooming flowers (with sweet nectar that both white-eyes and monkeys love, Yakushima's camellias are known for their apple-sized seed pods that turn from granny-smith green to jona red and dwarf those of higher latitudes. The purpose is to keep native weevils from depositing eggs inside with a ~2cm-long probiscus.
References:
九州野山の花 片野田逸朗,2004:南方新社.
米倉浩司・梶田忠 (2003-) 「BG Plants 和名-学名インデックス」(YList),http://ylist.info( 2019年8月14日)